Communications theory

Law of Defamation - Essay Example The columnist told the court that he had not kept the notes. Be that as it may, since activity for slander must be started inside one year of distribution of the report, it may not be difficult to keep notes. Be that as it may, it has viable challenges. The Act doesn't go in enormous manner in the safeguarding of the opportunity of the discourse and press with regards to the cases managing open figures. Truth be told it is the community workers that ought to be energetically pursued and made responsible to their deeds. Media, as it exists, is an unconstrained action. Each word that the media reports can't be validated with supporting archives. Media frequently depends on noise data. This data might be dependable. Yet, dependability in specific cases may unrealistic to demonstrate. Presently, what is said in the media extemporaneous may not be accessible in the court with the end goal of proof. This would make the press and communicate media too much mindful which will remove the ener gy of news revealing in Britain, while somewhere else the news announcing can go on unreservedly without dreading the lawful club. Tragically the British Parliament has persistently opposed designs to move the weight of verification on the issue of truth in the slander cases. Anyway this didn't get a lot of help. The protected reaction of the Members of the Parliament to changes in law may have sprung from the apprehensions they have of the British Press going out of control like the American journalists.â â â â â â â The fringe changes that the Defamation demonstration experienced is likewise due to the financial conditions.... The fast advancement in innovation expanded the chance of sending news and view over the globe. The British telecom industry is a transcendently a state undertaking regardless of the much trumpeted freedom and self-governance. The abusive Act whenever sought after overwhelmingly may at last influence even the working of BBC. Somewhere else on the planet the media can go to large degree in barbecuing the community workers, VIPs and chiefs of industry. Be that as it may, in Britain Defamation act is the shield to ensure them. Yet, in the globalized situation if the BBC is going to work as a protected association it will lose its upper hand in the globalized world. So the adjustment of the maligning demonstration is additionally an absolute necessity for the endurance of the British Media. So in the print and communicate media changes were basic to make due in the globalized world. The Defamation Act of 1996 came out, after much fan toll about the extreme changes that it would realize in the legitimate framework, the progressions were only fringe and frustrated the individuals who anticipated an upgrading of the Act. The negligible arrangements in the disparaging demonstration have made many frustrated and consider the change practice as a lost chance. There are barriers that address the issues made by the new advancements and quickly developing extent of news detailing as a global issue. Different sorts of arrangements are intended to diminish the use in battling less genuine instances of slander and to lessen the resistance delighted in by the individuals in power. The Defamation Act of 1996 misses the mark in tending to the issues made by the globalized setting. Particularly the arrangement called Avocation puts the whole weight of verification on the litigant. Truth be told, as

Does Coriolanus make mistakes or errors in judgement that lead to his downfall? Essay

Does Coriolanus commit errors or mistakes in judgment that lead to his defeat? Provided that this is true, what are they and how could they lead to his ruin? The play Coriolanus concerns the defeat and inevitable demise of a Roman general turned government official, Cauis Martius (later given the name Coriolanus after vanquishing the city of Corioles). Furnished with the qualities of a fearless officer, a touchiness and egotism, these attributes help in his defeat which was additionally supported by a few different elements. Regardless of whether it be a misstep or a blunder in judgment on Coriolanus’s side, it is the aftereffect of possibly one which causes inconvenience for him. Subsequent to declaring that he is hesitantly joining the senate, his mix-ups and mistakes in judgment alongside the remainder of him would be freely investigated, addressed and decided before people in general. He lost the upside of committing errors and mistakes in judgment over the span of war where they would most likely end in his own passing or individual physical issue. Furthermore they would be taken a gander at as triumph scars or and as a characteristic of chivalry instead of a consequence of a silly and rash decision.It comes down to the way that he would not need to respond in due order regarding his errors in war rather than his slip-ups against the plebeians who are not especially partial to him. Coriolanus, however he is daring, fierce and vital with regards to war where the outcomes of prematurely delivered and misinterpreted activities don't bring incredible impact, he is defenselessly in a strange spot when his mom Volumnia constrains him into legislative issues. ‘I have lived to see acquired my very wishes†¦. just there’s one thing wanting,†¦.but which our Rome will give occasion to feel qualms about thee.’. Running for consulship was unmistakably an error, in light of the fact that right off the bat, he has no craving for it, ‘Though he complies with his mother’s wishes and wears the outfit of modesty. It is clear through his not so subtle scorn for the individuals he is unsuited as he views them as ‘hares, geese’, disgraceful creatures. Entirely unsuited for a profession in legislative issues because of his self-importance, ruthless trustworthiness, awkward way and also his failure to disguise his actual self and to claim to think about the prosperity of the plebeians, Coriolanus himself said as much, ‘Would you have me bogus to my temperament, Rather state I play the man I am,’ Though he represents himself, his own thought reverse discharges and it brought about his expulsion. To call Coriolanus complying with his moms arranges an error would be erroneous as he is inclined and mentally unfit to deny her requests. Most would agree that Coriolanus constantly looking for her support helps in his destruction. Conflicting with his desires to fulfill her desire for him to battle for his place in the representative by embarrassing himself further; saying 'sorry' to the plebeians. She, (Volumnia) says to Coriolanus, ‘To ask of thee is more my disrespect than thou of them†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. She surrenders and assumes the job of the baffled mother and Coriolanus collapses. ‘Prithee mother, supplicate be content†¦ reprimand me no more†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Though he would surely know that tuning in to his mom was a slip-up if her were not all that subject to her recommendations and love. Despite the fact that not an obvious error, it unquestionably helped in his destruction. Coriolanus unquestionably acquires some time away from the impacts of individuals when he is ousted. He shows up at Antium, where he is set up to pass on at Aufidius hands for all the mischief he has done, ‘If he kill me, He does reasonable justice†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. In spite of the fact that he proceeds to state, ‘if he give me way, I’ll do his nation service.’ he changes his loyalties to Aufidius. This was an autonomous choice where he was affected by his country’s contempt for him and it lead him to serve another nation whose desire is to obliterate his home. This depicts Coriolanus as a wrathful, scornful and hyper forceful as his first undertaking is to look for retribution by pulverizing Rome, the city who didn't completely value their saint. This isn't altogether an error as he would have proceeded with his arrangement notwithstanding him obeying and satisfying his moms wishes which regularly convey risky results. This was a greater amount of a blunder in judgment as he relied upon his downfall, dismissal and outrage to oversee his choice to join Aufidius so as to be against Rome. He neglects to see his tie to Rome; his family and in a specific way, his dad figure, Menenius. At their bountiful asking for kindness upon Rome he goes along yet at a mind-blowing expense. The lethal consummation of his life comes from his being free in choosing to battle Rome yet his tie to it keep him from his arrangement of joining Aufidius and being an incredible officer. It additionally drives him to a demise as a backstabber on account of his envious partner who was taking on a supporting role to Coriolanus. It further helps Aufidius to remember his losing to Coriolanus and this has put him in the line among partner and foe, one of his officials even say, ‘And you obscured in this activity sir. Indeed, even by your own;’ By being the incredible warrior he will be he has inconspicuously injured the sense of self of his partner who is underdog to him as a fighter and a pioneer. He was ignorant of Aufidius’s injured pride in the wake of beating him in fight, multiple times. The marking of the harmony arrangement with Rome drove him into being a deceiver in Aufidius eyes and those of Antium. After a warmed verbal showdown between Coriolanus, Aufidius and his backstabbers, Coriolanus is murdered. Any reasonable person would agree that Coriolanus’s activities influence the most powerful individuals throughout his life, and occasions. His being a decent loyal child to an oppressive, powerful mother lead him to the occasion that features his defects as his essential qualities; the occasion being running for consulship. His powerlessness and refusal to cloak his scorn for the plebeians who are so handily affected lead to his expulsion. At long last, in him ‘playing the man am I am’ an incredible warrior, incited desirous and envious emotions in his partner who later didn't require a lot to execute him. Coriolanus’s missteps and blunders in judgment were all prompting his inevitable passing because of him being administered by pessimistic individuals, similar to his mom. Likewise negative feelings; his haughtiness, and pride which can't and couldn't control because of his inclination of looking for delight in savagery, outrage and was in full agreement o f his twisted childhood by his eager for war mother who has just anticipated maternal sense.

5 Relaxation Exercises that Relieve Teens Stress

5 Relaxation Exercises that Relieve Teens Stress You might think your teen doesnt have much stress in her life. After all, she doesnt have to pay the bills, work a full-time job, or manage a busy household. But the truth is, todays teens are stressed out. In fact, the 2014 Stress in America survey found that teens are experiencing even more stress than adults.   Theyre worried about school, their friends, romantic relationships, money, and their futures. Some of them are dealing with even bigger issues, like bullying and depression. Sadly, stressed-out teens are turning to unhealthy coping mechanisms to deal with their overwhelming feelings. Overeating, playing endless hours of video games, avoiding homework, or abusing substances are just a few of the unhealthy ways some teens are trying to manage their stress.   It’s important to teach your teen a variety of healthy stress management strategies, including relaxation skills that offer some immediate stress relief.   Whether your teen is already displaying signs that she’s stressed out, or you’re hoping to give her some skills as preventative measures, here are five relaxation exercises that can help your teen manage stress: 1. Yoga Yoga offers a variety of physical and mental health benefits, such as improved flexibility, posture, and strength as well as a sense of inner calm. Teens can learn yoga in a variety of ways. Attend a yoga class with your teen and you’ll gain the added benefit of spending quality time together or look for yoga videos that will let you practice in the privacy of your own home. 2. Meditation Getting teens to slow down and focus on one thing at a time can be a challenge in today’s digital world. But learning how to do so through meditation can provide improved physical and emotional benefits. Meditation has been linked to everything from increased happiness to improved immunity. There are several different types of meditation, but at the core of all of them is the desire to calm the mind. Explore meditation tutorials, guided meditation, or meditation books to learn meditation skills.   Your teen may enjoy a meditation app. Many of them will walk your teen through meditation strategies step-by-step and offer reminders to meditate every day.   3. Deep Breathing When people feel anxious, they often take shallow and rapid breaths, which can induce physiological changesâ€"like an increased heart rateâ€"which can add to the stress. One of the simplest relaxation exercises involves breathing. Teach your teen to take deep slow breaths when she’s feeling anxious. Just a few deep breaths can provide an instant calming effect that can help reduce stress. Look for books or online resources that offer tutorials about breathing exercises. 4. Imagery Envisioning a ‘happy place’ can help your brain take a vacation from whatever stress your teen is experiencing. Tell your teen to write down a description of her favorite happy place. It could be a cabin in the woods, a sandy beach, or even your backyard. Request that she describes how it looks, feels, smells, and soundsâ€"the more details the better. When she’s stressed out, tell her to close her eyes and spend a few minutes imagining that scene. 5. Progressive Muscle Relaxation Stress can cause people to tense their muscles, and the tenser they feel, the more stressed out they become. Letting go of that tension can be a simple way to let go of stress. Progressive muscle relaxation can raise your teen’s awareness of muscle tension. Encourage your teen to start tensing and relaxing each muscle groupâ€"moving from her toes all the way up to her head. By the time she’s done, all of her muscles should be relaxed. There are lots of tutorials that can walk you through progressive muscle relaxation as well. Some teens enjoy listening to an audio clip that describes how to tense and relax each muscle group. Practice Relaxation Skills Teens with healthy self-soothing skills are equipped to handle the realities of the adult world. When she knows how to manage stress, shell be willing to do hard things, pick herself up when she fails, or tackle new challenges. Just like all new skills, relaxation exercises require practice. The first few times your teen tries them, she may report it wasn’t helpful. But with regular practice, these skills can greatly help her reduce stress. Learn and practice new relaxation skills with your teen. Doing so, won’t just help you manage your stress, it will also give you an opportunity to try something new together, which can help you maintain a healthy relationship.

Explain what sources of finance are available for small to...

Content Introduction 3 1 Some important financing sources for SMEs 4 1.1 Different stages in raising finance 4 1.2 Venture Capital: a light of hope for the SMEs 5 1.3 Leasing and Factoring: special survival skills 7 2 Difficulties for SMEs in raising finance 8 2.1 Biggest trouble: lack of credit records 8 2.2 Capital constraints 9 2.3 Other barriers 10 3 Conclusion 10 Reference 11 Explain what sources of finance are available for small to medium sized companies and explain why they sometimes face difficulties in raising finance Abstract: This article examines which types of finance are more suitable for the SMEs, also analysing the disadvantages on them when raising finance. Unlike the large companies,†¦show more content†¦Thridly, indirect financing. This kind of financing is not welcome for the SMEs, for most of them are short-term and long-term loan, and the ways of loan are contained mortgage loan, guaranteed loan, unsecured loan and et at. 1.2 Venture Capital: a light of hope for the SMEs Venture capital(VC), which is known as the risk investment, shows significant role in promoting the SMEs in raising finance. VC includes business angel financing, relationship lending and so on. All of them are good choices for SMEs, specifically for the small and medium companies which are just starting up.(Dagogo, 2009) â€Å"Venture capital is the fuel for high potential growth firms, especially in the United States. New venture survival is tenuous at best, but those backed by venture capitalists tend to achieve a higher survival rate than those that are not.† said by Robert(2010), moreover, in his study shows â€Å" survival for venture capitalists backed ventures range from around 65 percent to 85 percent of the venture capitalists’ portfolio.† If SMEs managers can get help like this, they would have more chances to develope. Having a overview on the SMEs, they have nothing but the companies, without large amount of capital or collaterals.VC might be a bette r method ofShow MoreRelatedExplain what sources of finance are available for small to medium sized companies and explain why they sometimes face difficulties in raising finance2345 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Explain what sources of finance are available for small to medium sized companies and explain why they sometimes face difficulties in raising finance 1. Introduction The SME (Small and medium enterprise) sector is one of the crucial important contributor to economic growth in terms of Gross Domestic Product(GDP) and job creation worldwide(IFC,2010). According to OECD(2006), SMEs had created more than sixty percent of the job opportunities for OECD countries. That situation for developing countiesRead MoreChapter 134543 Words   |  19 Pagesmarkets D. Language E. Country specific technical standards 2. In the United States, what percent of firms export, according to the U.S. Small Business Administration? A. Nearly 98 percent B. About 23 percent C. Less than 2 percent D. A little under 50 percent E. Over 50 percent 3. Large firms generally tend to be ______________ about seeking opportunities for profitable exporting, whereas medium-sized and small firms are ____________. A. passive; aggressive B. reactive; proactive C. discouraged;Read MoreExport Guide Essay12240 Words   |  49 PagesCHAPTER 7 7.1 When exporting indirectly, is it better to use a merchant or an agent in the export marketing channel? Explain. When exporting indirectly, whether it is better to use a merchant or an agent when exporting depends on the objectives and needs of the exporter. A merchant takes title to the goods and assumes most of the risk. In return for this, the merchant consumes a greater share of the return, receiving a greater share of the producer’s profit margin. This can be justified for a producerRead MoreEffect of Internal Controls on Financial Performance11978 Words   |  48 Pagescharacteristics (Gartner et al., 1989) have to be taken into account. In line with the above, there have been challenging debates all over the world on the role played by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) towards economic development. Therefore, a vast literature on the growth and performance of SMEs has been developed over the years. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have had a privileged treatment in the development literature, particularly over the last two decades. Hardly any arguments are put forwardRead MoreThe Risk Management Function Of A General Insurer9457 Words   |  38 Pagesdistributed its products directly to customers, but it is now considering distributing its products via insurance brokers or even purchasing an insurance broker. Question As part of the strategic planning process, you have been asked by the Board to: †¢ Explain the contribution that risk management can make to an effective strategic planning process. †¢ Analyse the risks for this insurer if it decides to distribute its products via insurance brokers; and the risks for this insurer of owning an insuranceRead MoreThesis on Empower Women Through Micro Credit Programmes18140 Words   |  73 Pagescountries. As Noeleen Heyzer of UNIFEM reveals in the above statement, there is clearly an important role for microfinance to play in the ‘empowerment’ of women. However, there remains much debate over exactly what this role should look like, as well as over exactly what is meant by the concept of ‘women’s empowerment.’ Much of the debate centers on the perceived tradeoffs between women’s empowerment efforts and organizational financial sustainability. Many microfinance institutionsRead MoreThe Accounting Profession and Nat39077 Words   |  157 PagesAccountants in the Attainment of Banking Sector Consolidation Objectives in Nigeria; The Use of Ratios in Financial Analysis and Prediction of Financial Crisis; The Relationship and Problems of Auditors in a Joint Audit Exercise: A Survey of Ten Audit Companies in Nigeria; Accountants Role in Investing in Stocks and Shares in the Capital Market; The Undisclosed Facts on Exempted Value Added Tax (VAT) Items in Nigeria: A Survey of Northern and Southern Zones; and Entrepreneurship and Africa s Quest forRead MoreAcca P7 Notes24991 Words   |  100 PagesENVIRONMENT EXAM QUESTIONS ââ€" Define â€Å"Money Laundering†, and explain the auditor’s responsibilities. ââ€" Comment on the need for ethical guidance for accountants on money laundering. (Pilot Paper Q5 ) ââ€" Explain the auditor’s responsibilities relating to the laws and regulations that apply to a client’s business. INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS Regulatory framework In each country, regulation comes from a number of sources. Since this is largely arevision area from F8, and is not examinedRead MoreIct and Ebusiness Retail Industry88499 Words   |  354 Pagesmanufacturing, construction, financial and service sectors. All results are available on the internet and can be accessed or ordered via the Europa server or directly at the SeBW website (www.europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/ict/policy/watch/index.htm, www.ebusiness-watch.org). This document is a final report of a Sector Impact Study, focusing on electronic business in the retail industry. The study describes how companies use ICT for conducting business, and, above all, assesses implications thereofRead MoreCase Study for Management Accounting36912 Words   |  148 PagesCASES FROM MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING PRACTICES Table of Contents Case 1: Case 2: Bal Seal Engineering Robin Cooper Bill’s Custom Planters William Stammerjohan Deborah Seifert Dublin Shirt Company Peter Clarke in assoc. with in assoc. with Paul Juras Wayne Bremser ECN.W William Lawler Endesa Gary M. Cunningham Scott Ericksen Francisco J. Lopez Lubian Antonio Pareja Kincaid Manufacturing Jon Yarusso Ram Ramanan Osram.NA John Shank Lawrence Carr William Lawler Pleasant Run Children’s Home Brooke E. Smith

Looking Into Cycling For School - 1066 Words

Growing up in Mississauga, Ontario, I rarely saw people cycling, especially not on main roads. In 2015, however, I moved to Hamilton, Ontario, and started school at McMaster University where I saw that cycling was the preferred method of transportation by many. Throughout my first year at McMaster, I lived in an on-campus dorm, and everything that I needed was within walking distance. This year, however, I am residing in an off-campus student house located a 20-minute walk from campus, leading me to search for faster ways to get to school. I realized that the two options I had were either to take public transit or to cycle. Since I don’t like waiting for buses and dealing with their unreliable schedules, I decided that looking into cycling to school would be an appropriate solution for me, which is where my interest in bicycles and cycling began. I spent several weeks thinking about what activity I could partake in as part of my experiential learning assignment. I considered doing typical things related to sustainability such as picking up litter or taking a walk through a nearby trail, but neither of those things interested me much. I began to worry about what I could do my assignment on as I was running out of time to pick an activity. Conveniently, around this time, a TA for the course posted on Avenue about an opportunity to take part in a tour of MACycle, McMaster’s on Campus bicycle repair shop. Due to my new-found interest in bicycles and cycling, I thought thisShow MoreRelatedMinisterial Recommendation Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesMinisterial Recommendation In regards to Federal Minister of Infrastructure and Communities’ pledge of $7.5 million to assist with cycling improvements across Windsor, it is recommended that the federal government follows through with this promise. This funding would be reallocated from the Canada 150 Community Infrastructure Program. When considering the costs and benefits of the funding it seems that the costs are outweighed by the benefits, which include a furthering of our parties’ strong stanceRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Its Effects1660 Words   |  7 Pagesabnormal changes in a person s mood, energy levels, and activity levels. They also do not have the ability to carry out day to day tasks. Individuals with bipolar disorder have different symptoms that can damage relationships, contribute to poor job or school performance, or even suicide. The mood swings associated with bipolar disorder can occur a few times a year or several times a day. Depression and mania can exist at the same ti me. Another name associated with bipolar is manic-depression (Mayo ClinicRead MoreThe Use Of Steroid Use Used On Recreational Activities910 Words   |  4 Pagessteroids to give them a physical advantage, he/she might feel the need to use the drugs as well. However, the reason that people use steroids are the physical advantages they can provide. With the use of steroids, almost anyone can go from looking like a weakling to looking like a bodybuilder. In fact, many bodybuilders can obtain the bodies they have through the use of steroids. Anabolic steroids are the main type of steroids, they belong to the androgenic class. Androgenic means promotingRead MoreItaly: Top Touristic Destination1249 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent phases kindergarten, primary schools, lower secondary school, upper secondary school and university. Primary level starts at age six. Students between the ages of six to eleven get free education and books. Lower secondary class size is about 21 students. Students are taught Italian, Foreign Languages, History, and Geography. They teach advanced level with technology and natural sciences Students have to past final exam to go on too secondary school. 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When offices move or go paperless and digitize they can also produce substantial waste materials. To promote more shareable economies many of these items could be collected by UIC, charitable organizations, thrift storesRead More The Use of Steroids and Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports1507 Words   |  7 Pageswant to improve their physical appearance. The majority of steroids are taken through injection by a needle; done so in cycles of weeks or months, this is also called â€Å"cycling† these individuals who are engaging in steroid use are putting themselves at risk for HIV/AIDS or hepatitis, which can cause serious damage to the liver. â€Å"Cycling† is taking multiple doses of steroids over a certain period of time, which includes stopping and starting again. Users also do a thing called â€Å"stacking† which is simplyRead MoreSummary Of The Night At The Museum 1620 Words   |  7 PagesAs a child, he had gone to many schools and wasn’t very successful socially but was very bright. Robin had gone to a total of eight different elementary and middle schools in only eight years. They were all located in Fake Forest, IL even though his main elementary was Gorton Elementary. When he moved up, he went Deer Path Middle School. As a teenager, he didn’t really have friends of his own age, mostly because of the fact that he moved so much. While in school, he was considered smart, but gotRead MoreBipolar Disorder, Formerly Known As Manic-Depression, Is1359 Words   |  6 Pagesis relatively equal, however, â€Å"women may have more depressive episodes and more mixed episodes than men.† (Keller 1995). Keller also states, â€Å"that approximately three times as many women as men experience rapid cycling† (Keller 1995). Therefore, women are more affected by episodes and cycling of episodes than men are, but are not diagnosed in significantly higher numbers. The exact cause of bipolar disorder is still unknown, however, there are many factors which that can work together to make it moreRead MoreHate Crimes: Matthew Shepard1097 Words   |  5 Pages1998. Aaron Kriefels is cycling in a remote rural area when he sees what at first he believes to be a scarecrow tied to a fence. He looks closer and sees not a scarecrow, but a young man badly beaten and close to death. The victims name was Matthew Shepard. On Dec. 1st 1976, Matthew Shepard was born in Casper, Wyoming. He attended elementary school in the states, but after his first year in high school his family moved to Saudi Arabia. He then attended the American School in Switzerland where he

The Crystal Shard 25. Errtu Free Essays

string(30) " from and surprise the demon\." Drizzt crawled out of his hidden chamber as the last lights of the setting sun began fading away. He scanned the southern horizon and was again dismayed. He had needed to rest, but he couldn’t help feeling pangs of guilt when he saw the city of Targos burning, as though he had neglected his duty to bear witness to the suffering of Kessell’s helpless victims. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crystal Shard 25. Errtu or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet the drow had not been idle even during the hours of the meditative trance the elves called sleep. He had journeyed back into the underworld of his distant memories in search of a particular sensation, the aura of a powerful presence he had once known. Though he had not gotten close enough for a good look at the demon he had followed the previous night, something about the creature had struck a familiar chord in his oldest recollections. A pervading, unnatural emanation surrounded creatures from the lower planes when they walked on the material world, an aura that the dark elves, moreso than any other race, had come to understand and recognize. Not only this type of demon, but this particular creature itself, was known to Drizzt. It had served his people in Menzoberranzan for many years. â€Å"Errtu,† he whispered as he sorted through his dreams. Drizzt knew the demon’s true name. It would come to his call. * * * The search to find an appropriate spot from which he could call the demon took Drizzt over an hour, and he spent several more preparing the area. His goal was to take away as many of Errtu’s advantages – size and flight in particular – as he could, though he sincerely hoped that their meeting would not involve combat. People who knew the drow considered him daring, sometimes even reckless, but that was against mortal enemies who would recoil from the stinging pain of his whirring blades. Demons, especially one of Errtu’s size and strength, were a different story altogether. Many times during his youth Drizzt had witnessed the wrath of such a monster. He had seen buildings thrown down, solid stone torn by the great clawed hands. He had seen mighty human warriors strike the monster with blows that would fell an ogre, only to find, in their dying horror, that their weapons were useless against such a powerful being from the lower planes. His own people usually fared better against demons, actually receiving a measure of respect from them. Demons often allied with drow on even terms, or even served the dark elves outright, for they were wary of the powerful weapons and magic the drow possessed. But that was back in the underworld, where the strange emanations from the unique stone formations blessed the metals used by the drow craftsmen with mysterious and magical properties. Drizzt had none of the weapons from his homeland, for their strange magic could not withstand the light of day, though he had been careful to keep them protected from the sun, they became useless shortly after he moved to the surface. He doubted that the weapons he now carried would be able to harm Errtu at all. And even if they did, demons of Errtu’s stature could not be truly destroyed away from their native planes. If it came to blows, the most that Drizzt could hope to do was banish the creature from the Material Plane for one hundred years. He had no intentions of fighting. Yet he had to try something against the wizard who threatened the towns. His goal now was to gain some knowledge that might reveal a weakness in the wizard, and his method was deception and disguise, hoping that Errtu remembered enough about the dark elves to make his story credible, yet not too much to strip away the flimsy lies that would hold it together. The place he had chosen for the meeting was a sheltered dell a few yards from the mountain’s cliff face. A pinnacled roof formed by converging walls covered half of the area, the other half was open to the sky, but the entire place was set back into the mountainside behind high walls, safely out of view of Cryshal-Tirith. Now Drizzt worked with a dagger, scraping runes of warding on the walls and floor in front of where he would sit. His mental image of these magical symbols had fuzzied over the many years, and he knew that their design was far from perfect. Yet he realized that he would need any possible protection that they might offer if Errtu turned on him. When he was finished, he sat crosslegged under the roofed section, behind the protected area, and tossed out the small statuette that he carried in his pack. Guenhwyvar would be a good test for his warding inscriptions. The great cat answered the summons. It appeared in the other side of the cubby, its keen eyes scanning the area for any potential danger that threatened its master. Then, sensing nothing, it turned a curious glance on Drizzt. â€Å"Come to me,† Drizzt called, beckoning with his hand. The cat strode toward him, then stopped abruptly, as though it had walked into a wall. Drizzt sighed in relief when he saw that his runes held some measure of strength. His confidence was bolstered considerably, though he realized that Errtu would push the power of the runes to their absolute limits – and probably beyond. Guenhwyvar lolled its huge head in an effort to understand what had deterred it. The resistance hadn’t really been very strong, but the mixed signals from its master, calling for it yet warding it away, had confused the cat. It considered gathering its strength and walking right through the feeble barrier, but its master seemed pleased that it had stopped. So the cat sat where it was and waited. Drizzt was busy studying the area, searching out the optimum place for Guenhwyvar to spring from and surprise the demon. You read "The Crystal Shard 25. Errtu" in category "Essay examples" A deep ledge on one of the high walls just beyond the portion that converged into a roof seemed to offer the best concealment. He motioned the cat into position and instructed it not to attack until his signal. Then he sat back and tried to relax, intent on his final mental preparations before he called the demon. * * * Across the valley in the magical tower, Errtu crouched in a shadowy corner of Kessell’s harem room keeping its ever-vigilant guard over the evil wizard at play with his mindless girls. A seething fire of hatred burned in Errtu’s eyes as it looked upon the foolish Kessell. The wizard had nearly ruined everything with his show of power that afternoon and his refusal to tear down the vacated towers behind him, further draining Crenshinibon’s strength. Errtu had been grimly satisfied when Kessell had come back into the Cryshal-Tirith and confirmed, through the use of scrying mirrors, that the other two towers had fallen to pieces. Errtu had warned Kessell against raising a third tower, but the wizard, frail of ego, had grown more stubborn with each passing day of the campaign, envisioning the demon’s, or even Crenshinibon’s, advice as a ploy to undermine his absolute control. And so Errtu was quite receptive, even relieved, when it heard Drizzt’s call floating down the valley. At first it denied the possibility of such a summons, but the inflections of its true name being spoken aloud sent involuntary shudders running along the demon’s spine. More intrigued than angered at the impertinence of some mortal daring to utter its name, Errtu slipped away from the distracted wizard and moved outside Cryshal-Tirith. Then the call came again, cutting through the harmony of the wind’s endless song like a whitecapped wave on a still pond. Errtu spread its great wings and soared northward over the plain, speeding toward the summoner. Terrified goblins fled from the darkness of the demon’s passing shadow, for even in the faint glimmer of a thin moon, the creature of the Abyss left a wake of blackness that made the night seem bright in comparison. Drizzt sucked in a tense breath. He sensed the unerring approach of the demon as it veered away from Bremen’s Run and swept upward over the lower slopes of Kelvin’s Cairn. Guenhwyvar lifted its head off of its paws and growled, also sensing the approach of the evil monster. The cat ducked to the very back of the deep ledge and lay flat and still, awaiting its master’s command, confident that its heightened abilities of stealth could protect it even against the high sensitivities of a demon. Errtu’s leathery wings folded up tight as it alighted on the ledge. It immediately pinpointed the exact location of the summoner and, though it had to tuck its broad shoulders to pass through the narrow entrance to the dell, it charged straight in, intent on appeasing its curiosity and then killing the blasphemous fool that dared utter its name aloud. Drizzt fought to hold his edge of control when the huge demon pushed in, its bulk filling the small area beyond his tiny sanctuary, blocking out the starlight before him. There could be no turning back from his dangerous course. He had no place to run. The demon stopped suddenly in amazement. It had been centuries since Errtu had looked upon a drow, and it certainly never expected to find one on the surface, in the frozen wastelands of the farthest north. Somehow Drizzt found his voice. â€Å"Greetings, master of chaos,† he said calmly, bowing low. â€Å"I am Drizzt Do’Urden, of the house of Daermon N’a’shezbaernon, ninth family to the throne of Menzoberranzan. Welcome to my humble camp.† â€Å"You are a long way from home, drow,† the demon said with obvious suspicion. â€Å"As are thee, great demon of the Abyss,† Drizzt replied coolly. â€Å"And lured to this high corner of the world for similar reasons, unless I miss my guess.† â€Å"I know why I am here,† answered Errtu. â€Å"The business of the drow has ever been outside my understanding – or caring!† Drizzt stroked his slender chin and chuckled in feigned confidence. His stomach was tied in knots, and he felt the beginnings of a cold sweat coming on. He chuckled again and fought against the fear. If the demon sensed his unease, his credibility would be greatly diminished. â€Å"Ah, but this time, for the first time in many years, it seems that the roads of our business have crossed, mighty purveyor of destruction. My people have a curiosity, perhaps even a vested interest in the wizard that you apparently serve.† Errtu squared its shoulders, the first flickers of a dangerous flame evident in its red eyes. â€Å"Serve?† it echoed incredulously, the even tone of its voice quivering, as though it bordered on the edge of an uncontrollable rage. Drizzt was quick to qualify his observation. â€Å"By all appearances, guardian of chaotic intentions, the wizard holds some power over you. Surely you work alongside Akar Kessell.† â€Å"I serve no human!† Errtu roared, shaking the cave’s very foundation with an emphatic stamp of its foot. Drizzt wondered if the fight that he could not hope to win was about to begin. He considered calling out Guenhwyvar so that they could at least land the first blows. But the demon suddenly calmed again. Convinced that it had half-guessed the reason for the unexpected presence of the drow, Errtu turned a scrutinizing eye on Drizzt. â€Å"Serve the wizard?† it laughed. â€Å"Akar Kessell is puny even by the low standards of humans! But you know this, drow, and do not dare to deny it. You are here, as I am here, for Crenshinibon, and Kessell be damned!† The confused look on Drizzt’s face was genuine enough to throw Errtu off balance. The demon still believed that it had guessed correctly, but it couldn’t understand why the drow didn’t comprehend the name. â€Å"Crenshinibon,† it explained, sweeping its clawed hand to the south. â€Å"An ancient bastion of unspeakable power.† â€Å"The tower?† Drizzt asked. Errtu’s uncertainty bubbled up in the form of explosive fury. â€Å"Play no games of ignorance with me!† the demon bellowed. â€Å"The drow lords know well the power of Akar Kessell’s artifact, or else they would not have come to the surface to seek it out!† â€Å"Very well, you’ve guessed at the truth,† Drizzt conceded. â€Å"Yet I had to be certain that the tower on the plain was indeed the ancient artifact that I seek. My masters show little mercy to careless spies.† Errtu smiled wickedly as it remembered the unholy torture chambers of Menzoberranzan. Those years it had spent among the dark elves had been enjoyable indeed! Drizzt quickly pressed the conversation in a direction that might reveal some weaknesses of Kessell or his tower: â€Å"One thing has kept me puzzled, awesome spector of unbridled evil,† he began, careful to continue his string of unduplicated compliments. â€Å"By what right does this wizard possess Crenshinibon?† â€Å"None at all,† Errtu said. â€Å"Wizard, bah! Measured against your own people, he is barely an apprentice. His tongue twitches uneasily when he utters even the simplest of spells. But fate often plays such games. And more to the enjoyment, I say! Let Akar Kessell have his brief moment of triumph. Humans do not live a very long time!† Drizzt knew that he was pursuing a dangerous line of questions, but he accepted the risk. Even with a major demon standing barely ten feet away, Drizzt figured that his chances for survival at this moment were better than those of his friends in Bryn Shander. â€Å"Still my masters are concerned that the tower may be harmed in the coming battle with the humans,† he bluffed. Errtu took another moment to consider Drizzt. The appearance of the dark elves complicated the demon’s simple plan to inherit Crenshinibon from Kessell. If the mighty drow lords of the huge city of Menzoberranzan truly had designs upon the relic, the demon knew that they would get it. Certainly Kessell, even with the power of the shard behind him, could not withstand them. The mere presence of this drow changed the demon’s perceptions of its relationship with Crenshinibon. How Errtu wished that it could simply devour Kessell and flee with the relic before the dark elves were too involved! Yet Errtu had never considered the drow as enemies, and the demon had come to despise the bumbling wizard. Perhaps an alliance with the dark elves could prove beneficial to both sides. â€Å"Tell me, unequaled champion of darkness,† Drizzt pressed, â€Å"is Crenshinibon in peril?† â€Å"Bah!† snorted Errtu. â€Å"Even the tower that is merely a reflection of Crenshinibon is impervious. It absorbs all attacks directed against its mirrored walls and reflects them back on their source! Only the pulsating crystal of strength, the very heart of Cryshal-Tirith, is vulnerable, and that is safely hidden away.† â€Å"Inside?† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"But if someone were to get into the tower,† Drizzt reasoned, â€Å"how well protected would he then find the heart?† â€Å"An impossible task!† the demon replied. â€Å"Unless the simple fishermen of Ten-Towns have some spirit at their service. Or perhaps a high priest, or an arch-mage to weave spells of unveiling. Surely your masters know that Cryshal-Tirith’s door is invisible and undetectable to any beings inherent to the present plane the tower rests upon. No creature of this material world, your race included, could find its way in!† â€Å"But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Drizzt pressed anxiously. Errtu cut him short. â€Å"Even if someone stumbled into the structure,† he growled, impatient with the relentless stream of impossible suppositions, â€Å"he would have to pass by me. And the limit of Kessell’s power within the tower is considerable indeed, for the wizard has become an extension of Crenshinibon itself, a living outlet for the crystal shard’s unfathomable strength! The heart lies beyond the very focal point of Kessell’s interaction with the tower, and up to the very tip†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The demon stopped, suddenly suspicious of Drizzt’s line of questioning. If the lore-wise drow lords were truly intent upon Crenshinibon, why weren’t they more aware of its strengths and weaknesses? Errtu understood its mistake then. It examined Drizzt once again, but with a different focus. When it had first encountered the drow, stunned by the mere presence of a dark elf in this region, it had searched for deception in the physical attributes of Drizzt, himself, to determine if his drow features were an illusion, a clever yet simple shapealteration trick within the power of even a minor mage. When Errtu was convinced that a true drow and no illusion stood before it, it had accepted the credibility of Drizzt’s story as consistent with the characteristics of the dark elves’ style. Now, though, the demon scoured the peripheral clues beyond Drizzt’s black skin, noting the items he carried and the area he had staked out for their meeting. Nothing that Drizzt had upon his person, not even the weapons sheathed on his hips, emanated the distinct magical properties of the underworld. Perhaps the drow masters had outfitted their spies more appropriately for the surface world, Errtu reasoned. From what it had learned of the dark elves during its many years of service in Menzoberranzan, this drow’s presence was certainly not outrageous. But creatures of chaos survived by trusting no one. Errtu continued his scan for a clue of Drizzt’s authenticity. The only item the demon had spotted that reflected on Drizzt’s heritage was a thin silver chain strung around his slender neck, a piece of jewelry common among the dark elves for holding a small pouch of wealth. Concentrating upon this, Errtu discovered a second chain, finer than the first, weaving in and out of the other. The demon followed the almost imperceptible crease in Drizzt’s jerkin created by the long chain. Unusual, it noted, and possibly revealing. Errtu pointed at the chain, spoke a command word, and raised its outstretched finger into the air. Drizzt tensed when he felt the emblem slipping up from under his leather jerkin. It passed up over the neckline of the garment and dropped to the extent of the chain, hanging openly upon his chest. Errtu’s evil grin widened along with its squinting eyes. â€Å"Unusual choice for a drow,† it hissed sarcastically. â€Å"I would have expected the symbol of Llolth, demon queen of your people. She would not be pleased!† From nowhere, it seemed, a many-thonged whip appeared in one of the demon’s hands and a jagged, cruelly notched blade in the other. At first, Drizzt’s mind whirled down a hundred avenues, exploring the most feasible lies he could spin to get him out of this fix. But then he shook his head resolutely and pushed the lies away. He would not dishonor his deity. At the end of the silver chain hung a gift from Regis, a carving the halfling had done from the bone of one of the few knuckleheads he had ever hooked. Drizzt had been deeply touched when Regis presented it to him, and he considered it the halfling’s finest work. It twirled around on the long chain, its gentle grades and shading giving it the depth of a true work of art. It was a white unicorn head, the symbol of the goddess Mielikki. â€Å"Who are you, drow?† Errtu demanded. The demon had already decided that it would have to kill Drizzt, but it was intigued by such an unusual meeting. A dark elf that followed the Lady of the Forest? And a surface dweller as well! Errtu had known many drow over the centuries, but had never even heard of one that had abandoned the drows wicked ways. Cold-hearted killers, one and all, that had taught even the great demon of chaos a trick or two concerning the methods of excruciating torture. â€Å"I am Drizzt Do’Urden, that much is true,† Drizzt replied evenly. â€Å"He who forsook the House of Daermon N’a’shezbaernon.† All fear had flown from Drizzt when he accepted beyond any hope that he would have to battle the demon. Now he assumed the calm readiness of a seasoned fighter, prepared to seize any advantage that might fall his way. â€Å"A ranger humbly serving Gwaeron Windstrom, hero of the goddess Mielikki.† He bowed low in accordance with a proper introduction. As he straightened, he drew his scimitars. â€Å"I must defeat you, scar of vileness,† he declared, â€Å"and send you back to the swirling clouds of the bottomless Abyss. There is no place in the sunlit world for one of your kind.† â€Å"You are confused, elf,† the demon said. â€Å"You have lost the way of your heritage, and now you dare to presume that you might defeat me!† Flames sprang to life from the stone all around Errtu. â€Å"I would have killed you mercifully, with one clean stroke, out of respect for your kin. But your pride distresses me; I shall teach you to desire death! Come, feel the sting of my fire!† Drizzt was already nearly overwhelmed by the heat of Errtu’s demon fire, and the brightness of the flames stung his sensitive eyes so that the bulk of the demon seemed only the dulled blur of a shadow. He saw the darkness extend to the demon’s right and knew that Errtu had raised its terrible sword. He moved to defend, but suddenly the demon lurched to the side and roared in surprise and outrage. Guenhwyvar had latched firmly onto its upraised arm. The huge demon held the panther at arm’s length, trying to pin the cat between its forearm and the rock wall to keep the tearing claws and teeth away from a vital area. Guenhwyvar gnawed and raked the massive arm, tearing demon-flesh and muscle. Errtu winced away the vicious attack and determined to deal with the cat later. The demon’s main concern remained the drow, for it respected the potential power of any of the dark elves. Errtu had seen too many foes fall beneath one of the dark elves’ countless tricks. The many-thonged whip lashed out at Drizzt’s legs, too quickly for the drow, still reeling from the sudden burst of brightness of the flames, to deflect the blow or dodge aside. Errtu jerked the handle as the thongs tangled about the slender legs and ankles, the demon’s great strength easily dropping Drizzt to his back. Drizzt felt the stinging pain all through his legs, and he heard the rush of air pressed out of his lungs when he landed on the hard stone. He knew that he must react without delay, but the glare of the fire and Errtu’s sudden strike had left him disoriented. He felt himself being dragged along the stone, felt the intensity of the heat increasing. He managed to lift his head just in time to view his tangled feet entering the demon fire. â€Å"And so I die,† he stated flatly. But his legs did not burn. Drooling to hear the agonized screams of its helpless victim, Errtu gave a stronger tug on the whip and pulled Drizzt completely into the flames. Though he was totally immolated, the drow barely felt warmed by the fire. And then, with a final hiss of protest, the hot flames suddenly died away. Neither of the opponents understood what had happened, both assuming that the other had been responsible. Errtu struck quickly again. Bringing a heavy foot down upon Drizzt’s chest, it began grinding him into the stone. The drow flailed out in desperation with one weapon, but it had no effect on the otherworldly monster. Then Drizzt swung his other scimitar, the blade he had taken from the dragon’s hoard. Hissing like water on fire, it entered Errtu’s knee joint. The hilt of the weapon heated up when the blade tore into the demon’s flesh, nearly burning Drizzt’s hand. Then it grew icy cold, as though dousing Errtu’s hot life force with a cold strength of its own. Drizzt understood then what had extinguished the fires. The demon gaped in blank horror, then screamed in agony. Never had it felt such a sting! It leaped back and tossed about wildly, trying to escape the weapon’s terrible bite, dragging Drizzt, who could not let go of the hilt. Guenhwyvar was thrown in the violence of the demon’s rage, flying from the monster’s arm to crash heavily into a wall. Drizzt eyed the wound incredulously as the demon backed away. Steam poured from the hole in Errtu’s knee, and the edges of the cut were iced over! But Drizzt, too, had been weakened by the strike. In its struggle with the mighty demon, the scimitar had drawn upon its wielder’s life force, pulling Drizzt into the battle with the fiery monster. Now the drow felt as though he hadn’t even the strength left to stand. But he found himself lunging forward, blade fully extended before him, as if pulled by the scimitar’s hunger. The cubby entrance was too narrow. Errtu could neither dodge nor spring away. The scimitar found the demon’s belly. The explosive surge as the blade touched the core of Errtu’s life force drained away Drizzt’s strength, tossing him backward. He cracked against the stone wall and crumpled, but managed to keep himself alert enough to witness the titanic struggle still raging. Errtu got out onto the ledge. The demon was staggering now, trying to spread its wings. But they drooped weakly. The scimitar glowed white with power as it continued its assault. The demon could not bear to grasp it and tear it free, though the embedded blade, its magic quelching the fires it had been wrought to destroy, was surely winning the conflict. Errtu knew that it had been careless, overconfident in its ability to destroy any mortal in single combat. The demon hadn’t considered the possibility of such a wicked blade; it had never even heard of a weapon with such a sting! Steam poured from Errtu’s exposed entrails and enveloped the combatants. â€Å"And so you have banished me, treacherous drow!† it spat. Dazed, Drizzt watched in amazement as the white glow intensified and the black shadow diminished. â€Å"A hundred years, drow!† Errtu howled. â€Å"Not such a long time for the likes of you or me!† The vapor thickened as the shadow seemed to melt away. â€Å"A century, Drizzt Do’Urden!† came Errtu’s fading cry from somewhere far away. â€Å"Look over your shoulder then! Errtu shall not be far behind!† The vapor wafted up into the air and was gone. The last sound Drizzt heard was the clang of the metal scimitar falling to the stone ledge. How to cite The Crystal Shard 25. Errtu, Essay examples

Use Of Big Data Analytics In The Retail Sector †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Use Of Big Data Analytics In The Retail Sector. Answer: Background of the study At present days, data analytics has found its numerous applications in retail industry. It is extensively utilized for making strategic, operational as well as tactical procedures of decision-making. Gandomi and Haider (2015) stated that in the modern days, technology is driven across the world and customers in retail scenario are not accustomed to have digital comfort. However, they are savvy in using the process. Big data analytics can evaluate large amount of data in order to uncover the hidden patterns , correlations as well as other insights. Big data acts an important role in the process. Thus, it is required to understand what can make consumers tick and policies of the retail organizations. Being professional in software industry, the big data analytics is important that has a great impact on retail sector (Hu et al. 2014). The analytics can assist the organizations to identify the items that customers would likely to purchase together and what offers as well as promotions wo uld work best for the products as well as personalized offers. Thus, it is important to analyze the role that has a great impact on retail sector. Research questions What are the factors for establishment of retail sector at present days? What is the role of big data analytics in retail sector? What are the challenges might be faced by big data analytics in retail sector? What are the recommendations for minimizing the solution? Search terms Big data analytics: It is the procedure of examining large as well as varied data sets. Present trend of retail sector: The keyword helps to understand the present trends and factors responsible for the growth of retail sector References Gandomi, A., Haider, M. (2015). Beyond the hype: Big data concepts, methods, and analytics.International Journal of Information Management,35(2), 137-144 Accessed from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268401214001066 Hu, H., Wen, Y., Chua, T. S., Li, X. (2014). Toward scalable systems for big data analytics: A technology tutorial.IEEE access,2, 652-687. Accessed from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6842585/ Ghazal, A., Rabl, T., Hu, M., Raab, F., Poess, M., Crolotte, A., Jacobsen, H. A. (2013, June). BigBench: towards an industry standard benchmark for big data analytics. InProceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data(pp. 1197-1208). ACM. Accessed from: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2463712 Kitchin, R. (2014). Big Data, new epistemologies and paradigm shifts.Big Data Society,1(1), 2053951714528481. Accessed from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2053951714528481 Fan, J., Han, F., Liu, H. (2014). Challenges of big data analysis.National science review,1(2), 293-314. Accessed from: https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article-abstract/1/2/293/1397586 Groves, P., Kayyali, B., Knott, D., Kuiken, S. V. (2016). The'big data'revolution in healthcare: Accelerating value and innovation. Accessed from: https://repositorio.colciencias.gov.co:8081/jspui/handle/11146/465

Racial Profiling

Introduction Ever since the early civilization man has always discriminated fellow men on the basis of their color, age, gender among other many factors. In the United States of America, discrimination is more spread across the different race origins that the citizens bear.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Profiling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The American population is made of people from different origins, for example, we have; the African American, Caucasians, Red Indians among others. Some races feeling superior to others have promoted discrimination for a very long period. One way through which this has been done is racial profiling (MacDonald 4). When the color of your skin or the origin of your race is used by the law enforcing officers as a basis of suspicion of having committed particular crimes in general non suspect investigations then that can be described as racial profiling (Glas er 4). This discrimination which most of the times has been based on religion, race, ethnicity or any other special character that one may be identified with undermines the human rights and freedom of every American citizen. It is a fact that law enforcement officers at all levels target people of certain races or ethnic groups most of the time as seen during traffic stops and inspection. For many years, Americans of African and Hispanic origins have complained of being victims of race profiling due to allegations of their likelihood of committing crimes compared to Americans of other races. For example, allegations of racial profiling have been on the policemen who suspect African American shoppers of being petty thieves. Individuals have been subjected to racial profiling when walking or shopping, for instance, blacks are often stopped and questioned by cops if seen walking in an area assumed to be a white dominated region (Muffler 2). This has become a major issue in the United S tates of America some debating on its essence and why it should continue or it should stop and thus the need to look into the matter. Current System or the Way Things Are Currently Done In Regards to Racial Profiling In the recent years it has become a major concern to everybody on racial profiling. Laws seeking to ban racial profiling have been introduced in the congress for example Both S. 16(Daschle) and H.R 2364(Engel), (Laney 2), contains provisions relating to racial profiling. S.16 is an â€Å"omnibus civil rights bill, which includes provisions that would express a sense of the Senate that Congress enact legislation banning racial profiling and requiring law enforcement at the federal state and local levels to prevent the practice (Muffler 3).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The HR.2364 (Engel) aims to amend immigration and nationality act by establishing a Visa Fairness Commission to collect data on the ongoing racial profiling in the American Embassies and with the US border inspectors. The law enforcement departments have been accused of practicing racial profiling in their aim of controlling two vices: preventing the illicit drugs activities and containing terrorism threats. Many Americans disapprove traffic stops but when terrorism investigations are the claims of making the stops, then the Americans have no problem in allowing the vice to continue. The fact that the bombings of September 2001 were carried by attackers of Arab origin, other Arab citizens living in the country whether innocent or guilty have been faced with adverse cases of racial profiling; â€Å"50% Americans responding to a poll supported the laws requiring Arabs including those who are U.S. citizens to carry a special ID† (Muffler 6). Another study carried in the country by the Opinion Dynamics showed that â€Å"54% of American citizens approved the use of racial profiling to screen Arab-male airline passengers. While in another carried by Cornell University â€Å"68% responded to racial profiling as a tool of fighting terrorism† (Muffler 6). Thus, race profiling is within many American citizens and any bid to eliminate the vice is expected to face all sorts of challenges. While all the claims about Muslims and their relation to terrorism might be true, it is worthy noting that terrorists of Middle East (as they are usually faced with higher risks of racial profiling) background could have migrated to Germany, England or any other country and thus racial profiling by use of the geographical factors is also not bound to work. The extent of racial profiling has been studied in some states, for example, in the Arizona Sentinel Investigation of all the vehicles which were stopped in the interstate highway in Florida, â€Å"While nearly 705 of the vehicles stopped belonged to the blacks and Hispanic, only a small 5% of the drivers were from the minor communities† (Muffler 7). Racial profiling violates the individual constitutional rights as stated in the supreme constitution of the United States of America. The fourth amendment of the United States of America protects every American citizen against any unreasonable searches and seizures (Kops 72) while the Fifth Amendment protects against discrimination based on ethnicity, race or nation of origin as experienced in racial profiling cases (Rezmovic Ekstrands 3).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Profiling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fourteenth amendment of the constitution goes further and protects all American citizens by ensuring that they are provided with equal security and protection by the country laws thus those practicing racial profiling should be made aware that the constitution bars them from doing so. Why do you think racial profiling is unjust? Wh o suffers? Who benefits? Why is that unfair? Racial profiling is in no doubt unjust as it favors one group of people over the other. It is both wrong and ineffective on those who uses and for those who are subjected to. That is why racial profiling should be banned whether in fighting drugs or terrorism. It is important to note that it is not a race or ethnicity which commits a crime rather it is an individual people who commits the crimes and thus judge the people individually and not linking a whole group to the acts. Blacks have often been suspected of committing crimes more than other races thus faces more cases of racial profiling but the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives (NOBLE) argues against racial profiling by stating that while blacks may be responsible for a higher percentage of crimes committed within an area it does not mean that majority of blacks population should be held responsible for the crimes. Another case which makes racial profiling unj ust is that certain communities are overly policed, unjustly scrutinized, and disproportionately represented in the criminal justice system while individually they might not have committed any crime. These victims of racial profiling have their liberty interests taken from them. They are stopped, searched, arrested, subjected to unwarranted force, detained in custody and in the most extreme cases, shot, tortured or killed as a result of being ill-perceived as a serious threat† (Sandborn, Bahdi, Parsons 2). Racial profiling also promotes cynicism about law enforcement and the judicial system amongst members of communities who are subjected to racial profiling thus decreasing the probability of citizen co-operation with law enforcers for legitimate investigations. The only claimed benefit to racial profiling is that the authorities are able to narrow their investigations down to certain characteristics within a certain race of a given suspect incase they have a reliable informa tion connecting to a certain crime which was committed somewhere rather than stopping and questioning every individual who passes through a police check (Korobkin 24).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A Legal Approach Would Entail On Making Policing a More Informative and Responsive Process Would Be My Approach towards Solving Racial Profiling Increasing the available information to the police can be a solution towards eliminating or reducing cases of racial profiling in the United States of America. With adequate information the police can be able to monitor and pin point the hot spots where much police presence and patrols are needed. Laws and legislations passed against racial profiling has been a major incentive to the adoption of technology by most law enforcers in order to change their approaches towards traffic stops. Once information is collected by the police for example about a crime committed somewhere and the details made public this creates a warning system to the people and incase the police may stop you according to the details already given in the public domain then no one will complain of discrimination or racial profiling. However, this data should always be aut henticated by the authorities to prevent chances of circulating the wrong information to the public thus making wrong traffic stops leading to increased racial profiling within the country. By the police making the information public, this would allow them to announce what their plans are and it can help in building trust between the public and the police. To end racial profiling, the police departments should be made to release all the relevant information that can be meaningful to communities and target groups. This information should be aggregated according to the interest groups addressing the systemic problems while much information should be released according to the individual characteristics. Engaging with the public is also another strategy through which the police can gather information from the public and this can help them in understanding how the community feels and what needs to be done to ensure cases of racial profiling are reduced. The rigid supervisory techniques u sed by the police should be dropped and a more respectful and participatory approach adopted by the police as they seek for information during traffic stops. How Would You Combat Those Arguments Supporting Racial Profiling? For those who supports racial profiling the following are the simple facts that they should note about racial profiling. Racial profiling can be used as a tool to distract law enforcers from gaining access information through better approaches, for example, the law enforcers should focus on the suspicious behaviors which should lead to arrests rather than basing their focus on race. Racial profiling also prevents the cops from serving the entire community due to the fact that it sends a message that a certain race can be trusted more than the other and other races are viewed more as criminals than normal citizens. This can lead to the less scrutinized race taking advantage of the situation and committing crime. Another weak factor about racial profiling is that i t leads to communities and law enforcers not cooperating in containing crime in an area since the communities are already aware that the police are biased against them (Hunter 16). More than often racial profiling is likely to lead to riots as reports of discrimination and torture of suspects goes round in the society the community is likely to riot against the practice. Finally, not only is racial profiling morally wrong but it is also against the supreme constitution of the United States of America, which under the 14th amendment states that people within the jurisdiction of the country should not be denied equal protection of the laws. Works Cited Glaser, Jack. â€Å"The Efficacy and Effect of Racial Profiling: A Mathematical Modeling Approach.† Goldman School of Public Policy University of California, Berkeley, 2003. Web. Hunter, David Jr. An Analysis of Racial Profiling and the Consequences of Profiling Based Upon Race. Michigan: University of Michigan-Flint Department o f Public Safety. 2003. Kops, Deborah. Racial Profiling, 21st Edition. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2006. Korobkin, Daniel. â€Å"Racial Profiling: A New Challenge in Public Policy.† Public Policy Concentration Thesis, 2002. Web. Laney, Garrine. â€Å"Racial Profiling: Issues and Federal Legislative Proposals and Options.† CRS Report for Congress, 2004. Web. MacDonald, Heather. â€Å"The Myth of Racial Profiling.† The Manhattan Institute, 2001. Web. Muffler, Stephen. Racial Profiling: Issues, Data and Analyses. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2006. Rezmovic L Evi Ekstrand E. Laurie. Racial Profiling: Limited Data On Available On Motorists Stop. New York: Diane Publishing, 2000. Sandborn, Tom; Parsons Olanyi; Bahdi Reem. â€Å"Racial Profiling Position Paper.† Civil Liberties Association, 2009. Web. This research paper on Racial Profiling was written and submitted by user Kenley Acevedo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Learn About German Plural Nouns With -n and -en Endings

Learn About German Plural Nouns With -n and -en Endings Making a noun plural in English is pretty easy. You usually just pop an -s or -es at the end. The German language is still straightforward, but it does have some more rules to consider, due to the fact that German nouns have genders. This is a look at plural nouns that end with -n or -en.   The nouns in this group start out as mostly feminine and add either –n or –en at the end to form the plural. There are no neuter nouns in this group and neither are there any umlaut changes when forming the plural. For example: Die Frau (the woman, singular) becomes  die Frauen (plural). Die Frau geht spazieren. (The woman is taking a walk.) Die Frauen gehen spazieren. (The women are taking a walk.)Nouns in this group add -en when the noun in singular ends in a consonant. For example, der Schmerz (the pain) becomes  die Schmerzen (the pains). Exceptions to this rule are when the word ends in the consonants l or r. Then the noun will only add -n.For example:die Kartoffel (the potato): die Kartoffeln  (the potatoes) der Vetter (the cousin): die Vettern  (the cousins)  When nouns in this group end in a vowel, -n will be added. Exceptions to this rule are when the vowels are the diphthongs au or   ei.For example:die Pfau (the peacock):  die Pfauen die Bckerei (the bakery):   die BckereienAlso, nouns that end with in add -nen in the plural. Die Musikantin (the female musician) becomes  die Musikantinnen. See the chart below for more examples of this plural noun group. Nom. stands for nominative. Acc. stands for accusative. Dat. stands for dative. Gen. stands for genitive. Plural nouns with –n/en endings Case Singular Plural nom.acc.dat.gen. die Schwester (the sister)die Schwesterder Schwesterder Schwester die Schwesterndie Schwesternden Schwesternder Schwestern nom.acc.dat.gen. der Mensch (the human)den Menschendem Menschendes Menschen die Menschendie Menschenden Menschender Menschen

Global Warming Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Warming - Speech or Presentation Example Our Earth is a finely balanced miracle of nature. Changes in one area create a ripple effect which touches each of us. Glacier thaws increase sea levels. Warming directly impacts weather patterns which affects every facet of nature: plant growth, species survival, and water resources to name a few. I would rather say there are many here who would still think global warming will not affect them much. Take a moment and consider what it would be like to walk outside and not hear a songbird singing or on a larger scale think about turning on your tap to get a drink of water and there is none or going to the grocery store only to find shortages of staples because of drought. Today I want to speak with you about Global Warming by first explaining briefly what it is, how it is measured and what affect it has upon our world. We'll briefly discuss how the earth's temperature and other weather conditions have been negatively impacted by the effects of global warming. And at last, I will explain simple steps we can all take to reduce the effects of Global Warming. In order to understand the magnitude of the problems associated with Global Warming, we first need to understand exactly what it is. According to the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) Global Warming is "an average increase in the temperature of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface and in the troposphere, which can contribute to changes in global climate patterns" (EPA, 2007, 1). Warming of the earth occurs naturally through reflection back to earth from the sun's rays by natural greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Without these gases the surface of the earth would not be able to sustain life as we know it now. The most recognizable greenhouse gas is Carbon Dioxide (CO2) which often is associated merely with car emissions. This however is not entirely true. CO2 is a naturally occurring greenhouse gas. The problem lies when we introduce manmade greenhouse gases into the atmosphere disrupting the natural balance and quantity of these gases. I don't want this to become a science lecture so we will not go into further detail about the types of gases. Rather, we need to examine the causes and quantities of these increased levels and the impact they have on our planet. During the 20th century we have made remarkable technological advances which have improved our way of living. However, these advances have not come without a price. Since 1900 the surface temperature of Earth has risen by approximately 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit. Additionally, since we have been recording weather data it has been documented that the warmest global temperature averages are increasing. The hottest averages have occurred within the last 15 years. The highest temperatures averages recorded occurred in 1998 and 2005, respectively. Further, the United States while only accounting for five percent of the world population is responsible for production of 25% of the manmade greenhouse gas emissions (EPA, 2007, 1). The impact of global warming is already being felt worldwide. Glaciers melt, reduction of the permafrost in the artic and Antarctica regions have already been documented. This melt has resulted in rising sea levels. Additionally, because of these climatic changes brought on by global warming we are experiencing a redistribution of wildlife including plants and animals. As we all have noted there has been a

All Museums Should Be Free of Charge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

All Museums Should Be Free of Charge - Essay Example Free access to the museum is essential to provide us with the opportunity to learn about our heritage more closely. Museums have an important role in preserving and bringing a country’s historical inheritance to the view of the new generations. Museums are repositories of knowledge and through them; we discover and find out important aspects of our civilization. Free access to museums would help a greater number of people to learn and discover additional things about their country and the world as a whole. The history of the country helps to increase their knowledge about their country and a sense of pride among them. At the same time, it helps in promoting greater comprehension and acceptance of foreign cultures. Museums are like libraries and schools, which offer knowledge. Knowledge should be available to all irrespective of the economic conditions. Therefore, following the trend of education for all museums should be made free to the public. Many people do not have access to the museums because of the high charges. People should have free access to the knowledge of art and history. The Indianapolis Museum of Art has made its admission free of charge. The Museum boasts of a huge collection of art and making the entry free has attracted a large number of visitors to it. (The Indianapolis Museum of Art). Therefore, free access to the museum is essential to provide us with the opportunity to learn about our heritage more closely. Most of the museums use the city and the county tax collections for its maintenance. Therefore, making the entry fee nil will not be detrimental to their income. A number of museums in the United States have made an entry for the public free of charge.  

Improving ADLs for Brain Function and Helping Psychosis

Improving ADLs for Brain Function and Helping Psychosis Psychosis is defined as an impairment of brain function which is caused by chemical disruptions due to biological, environmental and sociological factors (Morrison-Valfre, 2005, p.324). The Department of Health (2010) highlighted that patients with psychosis may experience disconnectedness to the world which may affect the life of individuals in performing the activities of daily living (ADL) and their families. It is essential to understand the impact of psychosis on the individuals and in the society as whole (Department of Health, 2010, p.2-3). The understanding may help to explain psychosis associated issues by helping to diminishing the rates of depression and suicide among the individuals, thus reducing the impact of mortality and morbidity and associated economic cost (Department of Health, 2010, p.4-5). This essay will analyse the deficit in ADL that may occur in a client experiencing psychosis as a part of schizophrenia (Twamley, Doshi, Nayak, Palmer, Golshan, Heaton, Patter son Jeste, 2002, p.2013; Semkovska, Bà ©dard, Godbout, Limoge Stip, 2004, p.289). This will be done by focussing on the development of psychotic symptoms by analysing positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, the deficits in ADL and the effect on the patients followed by discussing appropriate nursing interventions for both the individual and their family. Psychosis is considered to be a mental state that may have a negative impact of the interpretation of reality by the affected individual by altering their process of thinking, their behaviour pattern and their state of emotion and beliefs (Hicks, 2005, p.268-269; Morrison-Valfre, 2005, p.325). The studies highlight that psychosis related symptoms may be identified as a single event which may last from one to six months in a persons’ life (Mental Illness Fellowship Victoria [MIFV], 2011; Hicks, 2005, p.272). However, if the symptoms relapse this may lead to continuity of psychosis in the long term which may result in disease such as schizophrenia (MIFV, 2011; Elder et al., 2013, p.270; Young, 2014, p.20; Hicks, 2005, p.271). The course of psychotic symptoms is highly likely to be triggered in vulnerable people due to their susceptibility to stress as a consequence of which may lead to the development of schizophrenia (Neuchterlein, Dawson, Ventura, Gitlin, Subotnik, Snyder, Min tz Bartzokis, 1994, p.58; Hicks, 2005, p.270, 272). Studies mention that there may be both negative and positive symptoms experienced by patients with psychosis (Fortinash Holoday-Worret, 2004, p.457; MIFV, 2011; Young, 2014, p.20). MIFV (2011) reported that the positive psychotic symptoms are regarded as abnormal excessive functions of individual’s everyday life. A number of these symptoms explain an individual’s frightening experience that may be misinterpreted by the surrounding people (Hicks, 2005, p.268-270; MIFV, 2011; Fortinash Holoday-Worret, 2004, p.457). Firstly, hallucinations that is associated with dysfunction of those parts of the brain that are responsible for the five senses, namely hearing, vision, taste, smell and touch which may impact on the individual’s perceptions (Elder et al., 2013, p.195; Hicks, 2005, p.268-269). These feelings are viewed as false perceptions owing to the fact that the patients with psychosis are capable of experiencing and acknowledging them as real ones (MIFV, 2011; Elder et al., 2013, p.195) Secondly, delusions that are regarded as â€Å"firmly fixed false beliefs† which means that the patients with psychosis may hold beliefs in relation t o being observed and therefore may behave suspiciously towards the others (Hicks, 2005, p.268-269, Elder et al., 2013, p.195). In this case it becomes impossible to persuade them to adopt opposing viewpoint by providing logical explanation with regards to their beliefs (Hicks, 2005, p.269, 275; Elder et al., 2013, p.195). Thirdly, confused processes of thinking that may result in the disruption and disorganisation of â€Å"form of thoughts† and its content (Hicks, 2005, p.269, 272; Elder et al., 2013, p.194; MIFV, 2011). Examples of this may include the increased or decreased speed of the person’s speech, an interruption in the continuity of thoughts and repetition and inadequate production of the thoughts all of which result in difficulty with understanding the person (Elder et al., 2013, p.194; MIFV, 2011; Hicks, 2005, p.269). Moreover, the patient with psychosis may experience issues with regards to diminishing concentration, memorising things and therefore being un able to lead the conversation (Elder et al., 2013, p.194-195; Hicks, 2005, p.275; Hultsjà ¶, Berterà ¶, Arvidsson Hielm, 2011, p.174). Furthermore, the patient with psychosis may not understand their own symptoms due to inadequate awareness of themselves (Hicks, 2005, p.276; MIFV, 2011).However, negative symptoms related to psychosis are mostly associated with a reduced function of the patient (MIFV, 2011). These reduced functions may have been caused by positive symptoms that may affect their performance of ADL’s (MIFV, 2011; Codbout, Limoges, Allard, Braun Stip, 2007, p.294). There have been a number of studies which discuss ADLs from a viewpoint of understanding and evaluating psychosis related issues (Codbout et al., 2007, p.294; Semkovska et al., 2004, p.289, 297; Twamley et al., 2002, p.2013). Those issues were mainly focused on analysing the impact of psychosis symptoms on the individuals’ memory function and thinking processes, together with evaluating concentration on tasks while performing ADLs (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.289; Twamley et al., 2002, p.2019; Codbout et al., 2007, p.293, 295). The studies demonstrated that the patients with psychosis experienced difficulty when performing their everyday tasks such as selecting a menu, purchasing the menu ingredients and preparing the meal (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.292). It was observed that frequently errors were made where a logical sequence of tasks was required (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.293, 295; Morrison-Valfre, 2005, p.325). For instance, this can be seen where patients list ingredients in the shopping list without considering the menu beforehand, or when shopping for menu ingredients do not realise that there were some products missing from the shopping list (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.293-293). In addition, the studies highlighted that there were omissions made during the menu selection which may demonstrate inadequate use of selective strategies and problem solving skills along with poor attention while performing tasks (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.290, 295-296). Moreover, it was observed that there was a challenge for patients with psychosis during meal preparation time in which they were unable to prioritise the steps of cooking and were repetitive in their actions and therefore could not manage to complete their task on time (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.293, 298). This may have occurred due to their incapability to process the information because their thoughts were being disorganised and the patients themselves could be readily distracted (Morrison-Valfre, 2005, p.325). It is also observed that the patents with psychosis may have experienced concentration related problems that prevented the completion other tasks (Semkovska et al., 2004, p.298). Furthermore, there were other activities for the patients to perform such as communication via telephone, organising outings and use of transportation and dealing with finances all of which revealed that there were issues associated with the ability to concentrate (Twamley et al., 2002, p.2015, 2018-2019). They also demonstrated verbal communication issues and reduced ability to pay attention (Morrison-Valfre, 2005, p.325; Twamley et al., 2002, p.2015). It is worthy noticing that patients with positive related symptoms were less troubled with dealing with ADLs than those with negative related symptoms patient (Codbout et al., 2007, p.294). Nevertheless, it is highlighted that if cognitive deficits and associated symptoms were reduced then the deficits of ADLs may by improved (Twamley et al., 2002, p .2019). A number of interventions have been mentioned for the purpose of minimising risk of the relapse of psychosis related symptoms (Elder et al., 2013, p.273). In MIFV (2011) strategies of interventions are discussed which show the importance of rapport establishing with the patient experiencing psychosis. It is also crucial to ensure the safety of the person by assessing a patient’s thoughts on the subject of self-harm and whether they plan suicide and in this case implement a risk assessment (MIFV, 2011; Elder et al., 2013, p.203-204). While applying therapeutic communication skills the nurse must be aware of self-behaviour by being calm and use language that may assist in reducing the patients’ level of anxiety (Elder et al., 2013, p.189, 454; MIFV, 2011). When the patient’s thoughts are confused the nurse should be patient by speaking slow and clearly to the patents (MIFV, 2011). By providing interventions with relation to ADLs the assessment of the patient is req uired prior to their task performance (Elder et al., 2013, p.273). Where the patient has a fear of being poisoned, the patient may be permitted to cook for themselves with the assistance in following the instructions (Elder et al., 2013, p.273). Cognitive behavioural therapy is highly effective when provided it to the patient as it assists their understanding about current events by emphasising their strengths (Elder et al., 2013, p.272). Some distraction techniques may be used such as walking particularly when the patient has distortion of thoughts (Elder et al., 2013, p.273; MIFV, 2011). Listening to music, as well as meditation, is considered to be effective due to reduction of psychosis associated symptoms (Silverman, 2003, p.37-38; Shonin, Gordon Griffiths, 2014, p.124). The patient is required to use the antipsychotic medication (Elder et al., 2013, p.272). The intervention for the family includes providing support service, counselling and providing stress copying programs (M IFV, 2011). In conclusion, it has been highlighted that the psychosis related symptoms have an influence on the life of both patient and family. Whilst there is a challenge for the patients in performing their ADLs due to impairment of brain function, there are some strategies in improving their ADLs. Moreover, the interventions that are provided for the patients and their family may assist in copying with the psychosis.

Rhetorical analysis of “The Scarlet letter” Essay

Pearls have always held a great price to mankind, but no pearl has ever been earned at as high a cost to a person as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s powerful heroine Hester Prynne. Her daughter Pearl, born into a Puritan prison in more ways than one, is an enigmatic character serving entirely as a vehicle for symbolism. From her introduction as an infant on her mother’s scaffold of shame, Pearl is an empathetic and intelligent child. Throughout the story she absorbs the hidden emotions of her mother and magnifies them for all to see, and asks questions nothing but a child’s innocence permit her to ask, allowing Hawthorne to weave rich detail into The Scarlet Letter without making the story overly narrative. Pearl, at times, is a vehicle for Hawthorne to express the irrational qualities of Hester and Dimmesdale’s illicit bond, and at others a forceful reminder of her mother’s sin. Pearl Prynne is Hester’s most precious possession and her only reason to live, but also a priceless treasure purchased with her life. Pearl’s strange beauty and deeply enigmatic qualities make her an increadably powerful symbol. The product of Hester’s sin and agony, Pearl was a painfully constant reminder of her mother’s violation of the Seventh Commandment: ‘Thou shalt not commit adultery’. Hester herself felt that Pearl was given to her both as a blessing and also a punishment worse than death. She is tormented by her daughter’s childish teasing and endless questioning about the scarlet â€Å"A† and it’s relation to Minister Dimmesdale and his maladies. After Pearl has created a letter â€Å"A† on her own breast out of seaweed, she asks her mother: â€Å"But in good earnest, now, mother dear, what does this scarlet letter mean? — and why dost thou wear it on thy bosom? — and why does the minister keep his hand over his heart?† Pearl implies that she knows much more about the scarlet letter than she lets on. Throughout the conversation Pearl is impish and teasing, saying one thing and contradicting it soon after. She refuses to say just what she means, which makes it hard for Hester to give a straight reply. Hester is  shocked that her playful daughter has lead their conversation to the topic of the scarlet letter, and even more disturbed that she has assumed Hester’s letter and Dimmesdale’s habit of pressing his hand to his heart branch from the same issue. Pearl, in bringing this forbidden and painful subject about, unwittingly inflicts agony upon her mother. Hester cannot tell her daughter what has passed between the minister and herself and come clean. Pearl symbolizes a hidden part of her mother that has not, and will never be exposed and therefore washed free of sin. Pearl was always drawn to the â€Å"A†, and seemed to twist the symbolic knife in Hester’s bosom every time she thought she was free of her weighty burden of sin. Pearl’s questioning wrenched Hester’s heart when the child seemed to somehow know about the relationship between Hester and Dimmesdale. Hester Prynne herself realized that Pearl was unlike other children, and prayed that she was not sin incarnate. When Hester finally frees herself of her sin and removes the scarlet letter after years of it’s leaden weight on her chest, it was little Pearl who brought the reality of her eternal condemnation back to Hester with a stinging blow. She was â€Å"the scarlet letter endowed with life†. Pearl represented the part of Hester to be always dulled by the searing judgment of others in that she was Hester’s ceaseless reminder of the sin she had committed, but also symbolized everything about Hester that was free and alive. She brings Hesters inner feelings to life, magnifying them for the world to see. Pearl is the only happiness in Hester Prynne’s lonely life. Without a child to care for, teach, and love, Hester would have long ago given her soul and life over to evil. Yet she is also the contradictory pain that weighs down Hester’s shoulders. If Pearl had never have been born, she would not be condemed to her sinned concience. This wonderful child is symbolizing the strong connection bettween two rivaling forces; love and pain. Although Pearl is the product of an illicit bond bettween two people, she is also the only thing Hester has to live for. When town authorities, shocked at Pearl’s apparent belief that she was plucked from a rose bush and not created by God, recommended she be taken from Hester and placed in a school, Hester responds with the following: â€Å"God gave me this child!†¦ She is my happiness, she is my torture none the less! Pearl keeps me here in life!†¦Ye shall not take her! I will die first!† Pearl, though Hester understands that she was God-given as a constant reminder or her sin, is her only love and a friend that does not judge her by things past. Later, Hester comments that she would have â€Å"signed my name in the Black Man’s book too, and that with mine own blood!† if they had taken Pearl from her. Her daughter is her only earthly salvation, as well as her only friend. Pearl is a blessing upon Hester in that her light-heartedness and seeming innocence allow her mother to forget about her troubles. To see Pearl playing on the beach and creating a fascinating world of her own is to allow Hester to momentarily throw off the shackles imposed on her by Puritan society and be truly happy. The Scarlet Letter is overflowing with masterfully crafted symbolism and representation, but Pearl Prynne is the purest and deepest symbol in the story. She was born not only out of utter sin, but out of the deepest and most absolute love imaginable. She serves as a messenger of God’s salvation through pain, and as a symbol of all that is blissful and content in Hester Prynne’s life. In the end, it is Pearl who kisses Arthur Dimmesdale as he lies dying on the scaffold, having admitted his sin. She breaks a spell that had lain over the dyad in adultery and herself – the product of their sin -, completing her service as a symbol of pain and hardship, but more importantly a symbol of love, salvation, and the deep bond between two lovers condemned by the strict decorum of the Puritan days.

Aims and Objectives of a Business Essay

Strategic aims and objectives of two different organisations * Aims are just general statements briefly outlining what a business plans to achieve. * Objectives are much more specific and should clarify the aims in more detail. * A Business Strategy is the conduct of drafting, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives. Aims are broken down into individual objectives which are SMART; Specific – the objective will have a purpose Measureable – growth can be measured Achievable – It will not be impossible to achieve Realistic – It Time specific – It will be able to be achieved within a certain time frame Strategic plans enable a business to achieve its Objectives. They are based on what is happening in current marketplace. So a business must do research and find lots of different information about its, customers, competitors, sales, market shares, price, costs and profits. This information is found by doing Market Research. This information can either be Quantitative or Qualitative. Quantitative data – information easily gathered by numbers. Qualitative data – information based on opinion, beliefs, feelings. A strategic plan considers the future of current decisions, overall policy, organizational development, and links to operational plans. . It establishes imperatives, goals, strategies, and performance measures for the organization that can be used as a management and communications tool. Strategies for the Public Sector A hospital may have the aim to provide better customer service. Their objectives; * Make sure all patients in A&E are seen within 15mins * Always having ambulances ready * Answering all phones within ten seconds Plans to achieve this: * Constantly checking the quality of customer service * Buying more ambulances and hiring more ambulance staff * Provide services at cost, below cost or free where appropriate It is then up to the management to ensure that these plans are executed properly so that taxpayers’ money is well spent in providing these health services. There most important stakeholder is us. Strategies of the Private Sector The most important stakeholder in a Private Sector organisation is the owner. They would aim to; * Maximise profit * Increase sales * Cut costs * To survive * To breakeven * To expand To maximise profits the long term strategy would be to; * Increase prices * Reduce costs * Increase sales Sometimes in order to make money you have to lose money first. A business might reduce its prices to gain more sales and customers and in order to do this their profits have to fall. However, a business must make a profit in the long term or it will go bust. A Short term strategy to maximise sales would be to; * Reduce prices * Improve product quality * Add new products * Spend more on advertising * Spend more in market research Cutting costs * Reduce number of employees * Reduce wastage of materials * Conserve energy If a firm decides to get rid of employees it has to be careful not to get rid of staff who might be needed in the future or even be hired by a rival company. It is also important to keep the standard of quality high, if you choose to go to a low cost supplier you might lower your standard of quality and customers might go to a rival store. Survival * In this economic climate the main aim of a business may be to survive. They may have to drop prices drastically and cut costs. Breakeven * All businesses must at the very least cover all their costs in the short term * Their revenue must cover their fixed and variable costs * Fixed costs are those unaffected by sales; e.g. rent, rates, insurance etc. * Breakeven can be measured using a graph, chart or formula Growth * In order to become a market leader a firm has to grow * Growth can be internal or external * There are three ways to measure growth; profit, sales, and market share Private Sector Objectives > Maximising profits – may benefit shareholders and managers but at the expense of employees, customers and suppliers if the business decides to increase prices and/or reduce costs. > Maximising Sales – to maximise sales a business may have to reduce prices, increase quality, or even introduce a new product. Public/Voluntary Sector Businesses in these sectors usualy serve the public in some way. Their aim is to help people. They may have different objectives than a private sector business as a business in the public/voluntary sector does not aim to make a profit. For example a charity may want to increase the amount of aid it gives to a third world country. So they will try to raise more money to be able to send things to them. This will benefit the people of the third world country, however the people that are giving the donations may then have to so without something else because they have gave their money to the charity. P3 Boots mission is to become the world’s leading pharmacy-led health and beauty group. They seek to develop their core business of pharmacy-led health and beauty retailing and pharmaceutical wholesaling across the world and become a significant player in many major international markets. Boots aims to; * Be the place for health and beauty customers. * Secure market leadership in the UK. * Build on their brands’ growing success internationally. * Create shareholder value by investing to become a more modern, efficient and competitive health and beauty retail business. Objectives Their strategy is underpinned by their continued focus on patient/customer needs and service. The key steps Boots are taking in the UK to execute their strategy are: * Making Boots more convenient and accessible for customers. They are re-branding over 1,000 outlets into â€Å"your local Boots pharmacy† and relocating more Boots stores/pharmacies to improved locations. * Improving customers’ in-store shopping experience by consistently providing best in class customer care and service. This being achieved by operating efficient walk-in prescription services staffed by friendly, knowledgeable and accessible pharmacists, and faster till service. * Creating a compelling multi-channel health and wellbeing consumer offering. Initiatives include making shopping at boots.com easier, expanding product ranges available on-line and rolling out their â€Å"order on-line collect-in-store† concept. * Continuing to provide customers with excellent value by providing trusted ranges of Boots branded products, executing strong promotional offers and rewarding customer loyalty with Boots Advantage Card points. The key steps Boots are taking in their International health and beauty markets to execute their strategy are: * Opening new stores in markets where Boots is already well established, including the Republic of Ireland, Norway and Thailand. * Selective franchising of the Boots pharmacy-led health and beauty retail proposition in areas such as the Middle East. Boots aims for Alliance Healthcare to be the world’s leading wholesaler and distributor of pharmaceutical products. To make this possible they have come up with a number of Objectives to make this possible, including; * Ensuring that they continue to deliver an excellent core service to all customers. By delivering prescription medicines to pharmacies at least twice a day on a just-in-time basis to meet patients’ needs. * Differentiating their product offering. They are achieving this through a series of initiatives which include the development of Almus, their exclusive range of generic medicines, and the extension of Alvita, their branded healthcare product range. * Entering new geographical markets where stable regulatory environments, large populations, growing healthcare expenditure, scope for wholesaler consolidation and the right management can be found, such as in Russia and China. Stakeholders Shareholders – an individual or company (including a corporation) that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a joint stock company. Shareholders would have particular interest in the aim ‘Secure market leadership in the UK’, because to secure Market Leadership in the UK would mean the company is expanding and making more capital. A Shareholder in any Business is mainly interested in the company making a profit so that their shares go up in value, therefore they get more money. Customers – someone who pays for goods or services. Customers would have a keen interest in the aim ‘Ensuring that they continue to deliver an excellent core service to all customers’. This is because when a customer goes into a shop they expect there to be great customer service, they are there spending their money on that companies goods so they expect the highest standard of customer service. Otherwise they would take their custom elsewhere. Suppliers- someone whose business is to supply a particular service or commodity. Suppliers would have a keen interest in the aim ‘Differentiating their product offering.’ This is because if Boots want to offer new products to their customers they will have to buy them off their suppliers. This means the Suppliers would be making more money. Making a profit is the Suppliers main aim. Boots order on-line collect in-store strategy would affect the following stakeholders; Customers – would be winners, as it makes shopping more convient for them. They can shop 24/7 and they don’t even have to leave their own homes. Shareholders – would be winners because when shopping is more convienent for customers sales will go up therefore shareholders will make more profit. Older Customers – would be losers, because some older people may not own a computer or even know how to use one. So it would not make shopping more convienent for them at all. Boots strategy of Differentiating their product offering would affect the following stakeholder; Customers – would be winners as they would have a wider and better range of products to choose from. Suppliers – would benefit as they would make more money because boots are buying more of their products. The Environment – may suffer though. Because new products have to be devloped and tested, some may harm the environment. Boots Strategy of Opening new stores in markets where Boots is already well established would affect the following stakeholders; Shareholders – would be winners because if new stores were opened they they would gain more service and customers and therefore make more money. Suppliers – would be winners as they would be gettingg more business as they would have to supply for the new stores. Customers – would be winners and losers. The customers that are getting the new shops in their area would be winners but customers that live in more isolated areas and will not benfit as they would not be able to use the store. Oxfam International is an international group of independent non-governmental organizations dedicated to fighting poverty and related injustice around the world. The Oxfams work together internationally to achieve greater impact by their collective efforts. Oxfam Aims to: * To Aid third world countries in any way they can * To relieve poverty, distress and suffering * To educate people about the nature, causes and effects of poverty * To campaign for a fairer world * To work with others to find lasting solutions to poverty and suffering. * Help people to help themselves, supporting local organisations in poor parts of the world. * Campaign for national and international policy changes that will help the world’s poor. Though Oxfam’s initial concern was the provision of food to relieve famine, over the years Oxfam has developed strategies to combat the causes of famine. In addition to food and medicine Oxfam also provides tools to enable people to become self-supporting and opens markets of international trade where crafts and produce from poorer regions of the world can be sold at a fair price to benefit the producer. Oxfam’s program has three main points of focus: * development work, which tries to lift communities out of poverty with long-term, sustainable solutions based on their needs; * humanitarian work, assisting those immediately affected by conflict and natural disasters (which often leads in to longer-term development work), especially in the field of water and sanitation; * lobbying, advocacy and popular campaigning, trying to affect policy decisions on the causes of conflict at local, national, and international levels. Oxfam works on; * trade justice, * fair trade, * education, * debt and aid, * livelihoods, * health, * HIV/AIDS, * gender equality, * conflict (campaigning for an international arms trade treaty) and natural disasters, * democracy and human rights, * climate change Another of Oxfams Aims is to ensure Women have the same rights as men. Project aims During 2007-8, people from 30 remote districts of Nepal will participate in Oxfams WE CAN campaign. The campaign is based around volunteer Change Makers: men and women who pledge to change their own attitudes and practices and to spread the message that women deserve equal respect and rights in society. Change Makers tell others that violence against women is not socially acceptable. WE CAN’s long-term aim is to challenge and change attitudes. In order to generate support for their campaign and to recruit male and female Change Makers in Nepal, members of local organisations will arrange 60 community-based events and one national event in 2007/08. By the end of the year, 35,000 new Change Makers will be active in Nepal. And because each Change Maker pledges to influence at least ten people, more than 350,000 people in Nepal will have heard the WE CAN message. The aim is to recruit five million Change Makers across South Asia by 2011. Another of Oxfams Aims is to Improve Health Care in Rural Georgia. This project will ensure that 50,000 people in the isolated and impoverished regions of Ajara and Samegrelo can receive local, affordable health care. Project aims The aim of the project is to improve the health of people in Georgia. It will: * Implement community-based health care schemes * Improve health awareness and practice among the wider communities * Help people to know and demand their patient rights and state health benefits * Influence the government to fulfil its commitment to provide basic health services nationwide . Another part of the Oxfam group is Oxfam International Youth Partnerships. Their Mission The Oxfam International Youth Parliament (Oxfam IYP) is an initiative of Oxfam International, managed by Oxfam Community Aid Abroad. IYP mobilises a global network of young leaders and activists to bring about positive and sustainable change. It does this through supporting youth led initiatives, facilitating skills and capacity building programs and supporting young people to advocate for their rights and freedoms and those of their communities. Aims Oxfam IYP encourages and supports young people as leaders in developing positive, sustainable, innovative and community oriented change initiatives. IYP aims to support youth led initiatives that will make a significant contribution to: * An increase in the number of people who have a sustainable livelihood. * An increase in the number of people who have access to social services. * an increase in the number of people who have an effective voice in decisions that affect their lives. * An increase in the number of people who are live free from fear and discrimination, especially those who are currently oppressed or marginalized due to their gender, ethnicity, Indigenous status or cultural identity. * An increase in the number of people who are safe from conflict and disaster. Objectives To achieve these ends IYP has the following objectives: Support youth led initiatives: To support Action Partners in the development, implementation and evaluation of social change initiatives (individual and collective action plans) through the provision of strategic and financial support. Skills development and capacity building To increase the effectiveness of Action Partners as social change leaders through further developing skills and knowledge necessary for implementing positive and sustainable change. Networking and Alliance Building To encourage and support action partners to exchange information and learning, build alliances and partnerships amongst themselves and with others to support their work for change. IYP Sittings To inspire, empower and grow the next generation of young leaders and activists. IYP sittings are international meetings between action partners that are convened every 2-3 years. Through IYP sittings action partners build skills, networks and develop social change initiatives. IYP sittings launch a cycle of activity and programs to be implemented over the next two years. Research and information exchange To establish a significant exchange of learning, information and research relating to the issues that face young people and the actions they have taken for the positive and sustainable change locally, nationally and globally. Youth Participation To actively promote the right of young men and women to meaningful participation in the decision making processes that affect their lives. IYP empowers Action Partners to participate in policy development and decision making at all levels. Oxfam International To facilitate and enhance the work of Oxfam International and its affiliates with young people around the globe. M1 Stakeholders A key Stakeholder in Oxfam would be The Third World Countries that it helps. They are probably the most important stakeholder as their lives often depend on the goodwill and charity Oxfam provides for them. Third World countries would have an interest in all of Oxfams aims, ‘To relieve poverty, distress and suffering’, ‘To campaign for a fairer world’, etc. Another Stakeholder would be the Employees (Volunteers). Oxfam employees do not get a Salary; they work for free (volunteer). This means they will have a keen interest in helping the business provide aid for third world countries. So they will have particular interest in aims such as ‘to recruit five million Change Makers across South Asia by 2011’. The Government would also have a keen interest in the aims of Oxfam. They would in particular be interested in the aim to ‘stop conflict (campaigning for an international arms trade treaty). They would be interested in this as international arms would be very important to the Government.